When Metalsmiths Found Their Groove

"On a heavy incense burner made some 700 years ago, a laudatory inscription in Arabic encircles the name of the sultan. From a distance, the inlaid strokes of its naskhi script burst like golden sunrays. For a small pen case of about the same age, only a close-up view reveals a universe of intertwining inlaid designs where silver birds fly inside golden spheres. So opulent are such pieces that it is hard to believe the amount of precious metal in them is small. Mostly, they are made of a common metal alloy that, in the 12th century CE, metalsmiths in the Turco-Persian Seljuq world transformed into luxury ware. Today, it is as iconic of Islamic art as lavishly illustrated manuscripts or tilework tessellated with arabesques and geometry. ..."

Aramco World

The open grooves of this 12th-century bronze-cast vessel once held inlaid silver and copper. 

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