Raï

Wikipedia - "Raï ... is a form of folk music that originated in Oran, Algeria from Bedouin shepherds, mixed with Spanish, French, African and Arabic musical forms, which dates back to the 1930s. Singers of raï are called cheb (shabab, young) as opposed to sheikh (shaykh, old), the name given to Chaabi singers. The tradition arose in cities like Oran, Relizane, Oujda and Mostaganem, primarily among the poor. Traditionally sung by men, at the turn of the 20th century, female singers became common. The lyrics of raï have concerned social issues, such as disease and the policing of European colonies, that affected native populations."
Wikipedia, Planet Folk, Raï - Rebel Music from Algeria

BBC - Rai music in Oran and the Kasbah of Algiers (Video), Cheb Mami, a tribute to Cheb Mami in Pictures of Historical Algeria, Rai History Part 1 (France), 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.