How Did Madagascar Become the World’s Biggest Producer of Vanilla?

 
Armed guards look after a pile of vanilla pods in Bemalamatra, Madagascar.

It’s pretty likely that there is exactly one product from Madagascar in your home right now—no more, no less. That product is vanilla, and Madagascar is at the moment the world’s leading producer of this ubiquitous natural flavor—despite the fact that Madagascar is a very strange country to be the world’s leading producer of vanilla.Vanilla, at least the vanilla we eat, is not native to Madagascar; it originated some 10,000 miles away. Madagascar is also a chaotic place to do business, as an article in The Economist’s 1843 Magazine showed in 2019. The modern vanilla industry in Madagascar involves crushing poverty, splurge-producing wealth, theft, murder, and money laundering—in addition to natural disasters and the leveling of pristine forests.

 
Drawing of the Vanilla plant from the Florentine Codex (c. 1580) and description of its use and properties written in the Nahuatl language


The Lenox Hill carriage houses from a fairytale

“There’s nothing like walking through Manhattan during Christmastime and coming upon a row of elfin former carriage houses that look like they were made out of gingerbread and belong in a holiday fairytale. This ‘stable row,’ as it was known in the late 19th century, is on East 69th Street between Lexington and Third Avenues. The north side of the street is home to several conjoined carriage houses of different architectural styles and sizes—but all with the traditional arched entryway to fit not just horses but the tall carriages they pulled. ...”

Peering Into Soccer’s Future

 
The world’s best clubs are already getting a competitive edge through psychology, data and nutrition. The next frontier? Better set pieces.

“Occasionally, back in the days when we had things like parties and social lives, someone would find out, no matter how hard I tried to avoid telling them, that I was a journalist, and ask a question to which there is no answer: How do you decide what to write about? The first problem is that the reality of journalism — asking people questions and then writing down what they say — is frequently much less creative than it is in the popular (and the journalist’s) imagination. At times it can feel like a craft, the act of mining and polishing the raw material of information, rather than the more writerly art of conjuring it from the depths of your imagination.The second is that articles arise in all sorts of different ways. Sometimes, you decide to write about something because you are told to write about something. ...” Rory Smith

Not all of soccer’s innovations make sense in the test phase.

Future Days (Remastered) - Can (2014)

“Damo Suzuki's last album with Can is a definite highpoint from the band's incredible ouvre. All the elements that make the band so timelss and radical sounding even now are here in abundance: experimentation with all manner of electronic and organic sound textures and atmospherics pinned down by Jaki Liebezeit's jawdropping rhythms and augmented by an advanced melodic sensibility. Future Days is for me the best album I made with Can," vocalist Damo Suzuki has said. ... Indeed, the four tracks on the German experimental rockers' fifth studio album synthesize everything they did weirdly well. Can could strip back for three minutes of skewered psychedelic pop (’Moonshake’) or split the difference between Miles Davis's Bitches Brew and Isaac Hayes's Hot Buttered Soul (’Spray’), or find new craters on the moon for ‘Bel Air,’ a lounge suite dizzying up the entire second side of the record. All of it is Can, and none of it is commonplace. -R.F. ...”

The world’s most mysterious silver cups

 
A detail portrays a scene where Livia and her infant son Tiberius escape a forest fire

“Rome, 1604: Pietro Aldobrandini, an aristocratic Italian cardinal and patron of the arts, is hosting a grand meal at his private residence. Surveying the dining room, one of his guests, Fabio Masetti, ambassador to the Duke of Modena and Reggio, is impressed by the awe-inspiring collection of silver on display, glittering in the candlelight. The following day, Masetti writes to his boss, singling out a set of monumental silver objects that caught his eye: ‘I observed 12 [large serving dishes] with the 12 Caesars, and within sculpted all their triumphs and famous accomplishments, valued at 2,000 scudi.’ His words describe the so-called 'Silver Caesars' – a set of 12 silver-gilt 'standing cups' that together comprise a stunning example of Renaissance silverware, arguably the most important suite of silver to have survived from the period. ...”

W - Warren Cup

                                                            Warren Cup, side A

The Artists Who Redesigned a War-Shattered Europe

For the dust jacket of the book “Ten Years Without Lenin” (1934), the designer Mikhail Razulevich montaged the Soviet revolutionary into a panorama of housing blocks, factories, and army detachments.

“... That’s the conclusion of ‘Engineer, Agitator, Constructor: The Artist Reinvented,’ a momentous new show that papers the walls of the Museum of Modern Art with posters, magazines, advertisements and brochures from an earlier age of upheaval. Exactly a century ago, a cross-section of artists from Moscow to Amsterdam opened their eyes in a continent reshaped by war and revolution. Rapid advances in media technology made their old academic training feel useless. They were living through a political and social earthquake. And when the earthquake hit, what did these artists do? They rethought everything. They disclaimed the autonomy that modern art usually assigned to itself. They plunged their work into dialogue with politics, economics, transport, commerce. Nothing was automatic for these artistic pioneers, who took it upon themselves to recast painting, photography and design as a kind of public works job. ...”

The designers Elena Semenova and Lydia Naumova collaborated on a suite of informational posters for trade unions, such as this one from 1929. The headline to Stalin’s right reads: “Every worker must keep a keen eye on how the net cost of production is lowered at their workplace.”

Rediscovering the Mystic Beauty of UK Psych-Folk Outfit Trees

“... The group was one of many British artists in that era who were fusing the traditional folk music of their home country with the psychedelic rock that was being baked to perfection on the West Coast of the United States. Like Costa’s home, the music of Trees stood at the musical midway point between England’s mystical, pagan past and the electric sounds celebrated at Glastonbury.Though Trees were part of a scene that included luminaries like Fairport Convention, Pentangle, and the Incredible String Band, their two lush, incandescent albums—1970’s The Garden of Jane Delawney and 1971’s On The Shore—never achieved widespread acclaim. In the five decades since their inception, the group’s legacy has been kept alive through the efforts of dedicated fans like Danger Mouse, who built the title track for Gnarls Barkley’s St. Elsewhere on a sample of Trees’ version of the traditional ballad ‘Geordie.’ ...”

Pure Sonic Foam

“The pure sonic foam of this Ambalek video, ‘The Hidden Path,’ can, like much great quiet music, appear unassuming at first. Dispense, please, with the sense as a listener that something this quiet must be played quiet, as if there is some cultural balance to be maintained, to be adhered to. ... This is the latest video I’ve added to my ongoing YouTube playlist of fine live performance of ambient music. Video originally posted at the YouTube channel of Ambalek. More from Ambalek, who is based in London, at soundcloud.com/ambalek and instagram.com/_ambalek.”

2020 November: Cross-Device Ambient

Winter wonderland

 
Winter Landscape - Hendrick Avercamp (about 1630). “Winter was fun in the 1630s to judge from this painting by a Dutch artist who specialised in snowy scenes. They had no central heating or modern thermal clothes, bubonic plague remained rife and famine was a threat – but the people in this picture couldn’t care less. They’re too busy enjoying the ice, whose vast expanse is crowded with fun-seekers. There’s even a game of ice-golf. Avercamp sets it all in a mysterious pale world of frozen whites and misty yellows. His art of winter reflects the period known as the Little Ice Age when temperatures plummeted in Europe and scenes like this also occurred on the River Thames.” National Galleries of Scotland

 
Frosty Morning - JMW Turner (1813). “A man and girl stop to watch workers on a frozen roadside while another figure comes up the cold lane towards them. The earth is a hard glistening mystery. Morning’s light reveals a terrible chill in the atmosphere. Turner makes us see the beauty and bitterness of the countryside in winter.” Tate

 Lavacourt Under Snow -  Claude Monet (1878-81). “Winter really is a wonderland in Monet’s scintillated eyes. Alive to the fleeting impressions of light, he joys in the blue snowy foreground giving way to the golden glitter of an icy sky.” The National Gallery 

 Massacre of the Innocents - Pieter Bruegel the Elder (circa 1565-67). “The first artist to show the wonder of winter was Bruegel – but there’s not much skating going on in this snowbound village where soldiers have arrived to slaughter newborns at the behest of King Herod. Rudolf II, who owned this, had much of the violence painted out – perhaps so he could sit back and enjoy the snow.” The Royal Collection Trust, Wikipedia, The Royal Collection Trust: Surprising Revelations

Tender Buttons - Gertrude Stein (1914)

Tender Buttons is a 1914 book by American writer Gertrude Stein consisting of three sections titled ‘Objects’, ‘Food’, and ‘Rooms’. While the short book consists of multiple poems covering the everyday mundane, Stein's experimental use of language renders the poems unorthodox and their subjects unfamiliar. Stein began composition of the book in 1912 with multiple short prose poems in an effort to ‘create a word relationship between the word and the things seen’ using a ‘realist’ perspective. She then published it in three sections as her second book in 1914. Tender Buttons has provoked divided critical responses since its publication. It is renowned for its Modernist approach to portraying the everyday object and has been lauded as a ‘masterpiece of verbal Cubism‘. Its first poem, ‘A Carafe, That Is a Blind Glass’, is arguably its most famous, and is often cited as one of the quintessential works of Cubist literature. The book has also been, however, criticized as ‘a modernist triumph, a spectacular failure, a collection of confusing gibberish, and an intentional hoax’. ...”

Literary Paper Dolls: Clarissa By Julia Berick and Jenny Kroik Image

“There is a sound made by a room full of people at a party. It’s a radio between stations with a stretch and pop and one voice coming into focus and certain stories turning up like bingo balls from the collective burble. I love this sound.I throw parties for The Paris Review. ... Mrs. Dalloway is a novel about the rich interior life of humans in a metropolis, the minds of people inevitably tangled with each other. The mind we enter most often is that of a woman just past fifty on a day she throws a party in London in June of 1923. ... Virginia Woolf herself is famous in part for escaping, and drawing attention to, this fate. Clarissa excels then with what she has: parties, memories, loyalties, ‘a woman confessing, as to her they often did, some scrape, some folly,’ the florist ‘who thought her kind,’ and her servants, who respect her so much that, when taking her parasol, they ‘handled it like a sacred weapon.’ ...”

A Love I Can Feel (John Holt, Freddie McGregor, Johnny Clarke, Leroy Smart, Cornell Campbell)

DJ Algoriddim: A Love I Can Feel: John Holt, Candid Eye: Cedric Im Brooks & David Madden [left channel], Dub You Can Feel: Dub Specialist [right channel], A Love I Can Feel: Dennis Alcapone, When I'm Ready: Freddie McGregor, When I'm Ready Version, Jacklyn: Lone Ranger, Proud As I Am: B.B. Seaton [left channel], Proud As I Am Version: Sound Dimension [right channel] Love You Still: George Whiteman [left channel], Love You Still Version: Sound Dimension [right channel], Rhythm Of My Heart: Carl Dawkins [left channel], Rhythm Of My Heart Version: Sound Dimension [right channel], Wicked Intention: Maureen Thomas, Original Rhythm: Jim Nastic [left channel], Ramona: Unknown [right channel], Ebony Goddess: Devon Green, ...”

Ebo Taylor: The Lost Tapes

“In 1980, Ebo Taylor recorded an album in Lagos, mixing his signature highlife style with afrobeat and a political fervour not always present in his previous recordings. Against a backdrop of Jerry Rawlings’ military rule at home, and an oil boom abroad, the five-track album – titled Palaver and recorded at Tabansi Records’ studios – spoke of the social and political upheaval Taylor experienced in Ghana. Leaving Nigeria at short notice, he never saw the tapes again.Earlier this year, BBE records embarked on an extensive reissue campaign with Tabansi, among which were the rumoured ‘lost tapes’, discovered at the label’s Lagos warehouse, almost forty years since they were recorded. ...”

Shutdown of Charlotte-Essex ferry raises outcry on both sides of lake

The ferry Grand Isle arrives in Charlotte from Essex last Thursday.

Commuters and town officials are protesting plans to suspend ferry service between Charlotte and Essex, New York, which many use daily to cross Lake Champlain. Lake Champlain Transportation Co. announced last week that the route will close indefinitely on Jan. 4, attributing the suspension to dwindling ridership numbers due to the pandemic.The suspension will whittle the company’s ferry routes across Lake Champlain down to just one, between Plattsburgh and Grand Isle. The popular Burlington/Port Kent crossing remains closed ‘for the moment,’ Lake Champlain Transportation says, and no timeline has been set for reopening. ...”

VTDigger

The ferry Grand Isle arrives in Charlotte after crossing Lake Champlain from Essex, New York, last Thursday.

The coal company helped the city survive winter

“Stuart Davis was a New York artist of the 20th century best known for his playful Modernist paintings filled with bright colors and geometric shapes. But early in his career, he was influenced by the Ashcan School—and he stuck with the social realist style with this 1912 piece, Consumer Coal Company. It’s a powerful painting that invites viewers to feel the sharp snap of snow whipping around a low-rise block somewhere in New York City. (I’m guessing Lower Manhattan, see the Federal-style houses with the dormer windows.) Forced to work in the blustery weather, the men from the coal company shovel a load into a sidewalk coal hole, where it can be transferred to the furnace to keep residents from freezing to death. ...”

The Weeping Meadow - Eleni Karaindrou (2004)

“Film and orchestral music composer Eleni Karaindrou has made a beautiful and moving statement with THE WEEPING MEADOW. A native of Greece, Karaindrou's influences are decidedly European, and within the music, one can hear the stamp of impressionistic composers like Erik Satie, avant garde innovators like Bartok, as well as Greek and Balkan folk forms. Karaindrou's music also traffics in 20th-century minimalism, creating tense, atmospheric spaces that feel empty and dense at once (one of the composer's frequently used motifs involves 'patterns' that recall the tingling, polyphonic gestures of Phillip Glass). Although several themes are reprised throughout the album, the combination of ambient textures, folk phrasing (accordions, guitars, and violins figure prominently into several pieces), and lush orchestral work keep the music consistently interesting. The pieces are often set in a minor key, so a somber, melancholic mood prevails yet never feels forced or melodramatic, and the spacious, tasteful arrangements are in keeping with the ECM aesthetic.  ...”

2008 June: Eleni Karaindrou, 2012 October: Ulysses' Gaze

Form and Function: On the Object Lessons of Summer Hours

“By 2008, Olivier Assayas was perhaps best known as a director of fraught, emotionally intense, experimentally structured thrillers such as Irma Vep (1996), demonlover (2002), and Boarding Gate (2007), so the contemplative quiet of the feature he released that year, Summer Hours, may have come as something of a surprise. Nonetheless, the movie showed Assayas as a fully mature filmmaker, developing his themes from the physicality of the setting as well as the extraordinary performances of his cast. On a fundamental level, the story concerns the three adult Marly siblings, who are faced with the process of breaking up the estate of their uncle, artist Paul Berthier, upon the death of their mother, Hélène (performed by Edith Scob), with whom Berthier had a long, secret affair. Many of the estate’s various objects are also objets d’art. The viewer watches as vases, glassware, and furniture are transformed from their utilitarian, private functions in the home to their more austere but nonetheless public presentation in the Musée d’Orsay. ...”

Live Cassette Loop Jam

“This rough-textured live ambient cassette loop jam noted the Sonars account on YouTube hitting the 1,000-follower milestone. It’s lush, with echoes of Gavin Bryars’ work, suggesting a sepia-toned version of a damaged old document, the aural equivalent of a photograph altered by time and the elements, changes both cultural and elemental. While listening, get lost in the nostalgia-tinged atmosphere. Also keep an eye (and ear) out the moment, just after the two-minute point, when the pitch, and attendant pace, are slowed markedly. This is the latest video I’ve added to my ongoing YouTube playlist of fine live performance of ambient music. Video originally posted on YouTube. Sonars is a self-described electro-psych duo from the United Kingdom and Italy. More from them at sonars.bandcamp.com and instagram.com/sonarsmusic.”

Accountability After Trump

“After any major national disaster or failure of government, it’s essential to study what happened and why, if for no other reason than to enact laws and policies aimed at preventing the same thing from happening again. From the Warren Report on the assassination of President John F. Kennedy to the Church Committee in the wake of the Watergate scandal, from the commission on the Sept. 11 attacks to the commission on the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, a thorough official reckoning makes for good government. What could accountability look like in 2021? How does American democracy confront the scale of the damage wrought by the departing president — the brazen obliteration of norms, the abundant examples of criminal behavior, the repeated corruption and abuses of power by the highest officeholder in the land, even after he was impeached? In short, how does America prevent the next Trump administration if it can’t properly hold the current one to account? ...”

How Capitalism Changed Football for the Worse

 
Manchester United vs. Wigan Athletic (4-0) in the FA Cup, on January 29, 2017 in Manchester, England.

Seven years ago, two teams from England’s North West went down to Wembley Stadium to play out one of football’s great David-and-Goliath stories. In the final moments of the FA Cup Final, Ben Watson’s bullet header won the game for plucky Wigan Athletic against cash-rich Manchester City, whose two strikers cost four times more than Wigan’s entire team. It was a moment that proved football could still throw up the odd fairy tale. Yet three days later, Wigan were relegated from the Premier League, and they haven’t been back since.Last month, the prospect of them returning became more distant than ever: the club announced it had entered financial administration — the first professional club in England to do so during the COVID-19 crisis. ...”

The Great Fear of 1776

 
Burning of Coreorgonel by Colonel Dearborn, September 24, 1779

“Sometime in mid-1776, just as colonists were declaring their independence from Great Britain, an unnamed Shawnee addressed an assembly of representatives from multiple Indigenous nations who had gathered at the Cherokee capital of Chota. Taking a wampum belt in hand, the Shawnee spoke of a long history of injustice at the hands of the ‘Virginians,’ a term many Native people applied to greedy settlers from Virginia and other colonies. The ‘red people,’ he said, had once been ‘Masters of the whole Country,’ but now they ‘hardly possessed ground enough to stand on.’ Not only did the Virginians want their land, the Shawnee contended, they wanted their lives. It is ‘plain,’ he said, that ‘there was an intention to extirpate them.’ Although the term genocide had not been invented, this is precisely what the Shawnee feared Native people were up against: a project that threatened their very existence. ...”

                    A contemporaneous artist's interpretation of the fire, published in 1776

A Brief History of Talking Heads: How the Band Went from Scrappy CBGB’s Punks to New Wave Superstars

 
“We could split hairs all day. Are Talking Heads punk? Are they New Wave? Are they ‘art rock’? Why not all of the above. Consider their cred. Two art students, David Byrne and Chris Frantz, move to New York in the late 70 with their three-chord, two-piece band The Artistics. With minimal musical ability and no experience in the music business, they thought, said Byrne, ‘we’d have a serious try at a band.’ Unable to recruit new members in the city, they asked Frantz’s girlfriend, fellow art student Tina Weymouth, who did not play bass, to be their bassist. ... What could be more of a prototypically punk origin story? But then there’s the evolution of Talking Heads from jangly, nervous art rockers to confident re-interpreters of funk, disco, and polyrhythmic Afrobeat in their 80s New Wave epics. ...”

The 400-Year Rhythm of Great Conjunctions

 
“We have known for thousands of years that the sky is full of harmonies and rhythms. Pythagoras called it the ‘music of the spheres.’ Great conjunctions of Jupiter and Saturn follow a number of such rhythms. The most obvious is the roughly 20-year gap between each conjunction, when the two giants appear close together on the sky. During this period, Saturn completes two-thirds of its 30-year orbit, while Jupiter completes one lap of its 12-year orbit plus two-thirds of its next one. The odd two-thirds of an orbit mean that successive conjunctions are separated in the sky by about 240 degrees. ...”

In 1606, Johannes Kepler showed how three successive conjunctions form a near-perfect triangle when plotted on the zodiacal circle.

Amha Eshèté, the dreamer who cut the grooves of Ethiopia’s golden sounds onto wax Image

                                     Amha Eshèté (au centre, lunettes noires) et The Soul Ekos 

“Born in Addis Ababa at the end of World War II, Amha Eshèté was never predestined to follow a career in music. Everything changed however in 1969, when the modest record seller dared eventually, to take on the state monopoly of recording and cutting records – and therefore defying ‘Negus’ Haile Selassie I, the Emperor of Ethiopia –, by recording a 45-rpm single of Alèmayèhu Eshèté. Both ran the risk of going to jail for cutting the ‘double-sided’ vinyl in India. ‘It was the first time you could listen to Ethiopian pop music on vinyl. Even those who didn’t have a turntable bought a copy! The first run sold out in a matter of days,’ said Francis Falceto, the sound archaeologist behind the Éthiopiques collection, a series of records that positioned the little-known and mostly fantasized-of country and its African Union headquarters, front-and-center in the music world. ...”

Gemechu Itana ‎– Yakolele / Shemermare Tiya